Ma`rifat Eqtesadi

Nowadays, all annual policies, aims and programs of governmental system are shown in the form of budget. This specifies the importance of the shar’i and rational standards the optimum budget allocation of Islamic government. Using a fiqhi inference method, the paper seeks to bring out the standards of allocating financial resource in Islamic government. The paper's supposition is that the budget allocation of Islamic government should be based on such standards, like: need, work, expediency, efficiency and justice. The findings of the paper show that the allocation of any current and development budget has its own specific standards. In most cases, the standards of current budget allocation are work and need. Development budgets should also be allocated on the basis of such standards, like; need, efficiency and expediency. Furthermore, the standard of justice covers all kinds of bayt al-mal(treasury) distribution and budget allocation and, according to Islam, observing it is the main provision of their optimum allocation. One of the main issues related to this question is prioritization of standards in case of occurrance of conflict in budget allocation. Here, we can refer to such cases like the preference of justice over efficiency and priority of social interests over personal interests.