Rational choice theory, with two main approaches of pursuing personal gain and internal consistency of choices, is one of the most basic assumptions of conventional economics, and has consistently been criticized by conventional and Muslim economists. In order to introduce a suitable alternative to this theory, conventional and Islamic economists have come up with a new definition of economic rationality. Using the "descriptive-analytical" research method, the present study introduces the theory of "Islamic spectral rationality ". Based on the hypothesis of the paper, rationality in the Islamic approach has a spectral meaning both in normative and affirmative aspects. Based on the Islamic-spectral rationality approach, from a normative point of view, rational choice is a choice with four components: adherence to divine economic duties, comprehensive utilitarianism, comprehensive examination and gathering certain and correct information. From an affirmative approach, this theory also suggests the analogicity of individuals’ rationality. Accordingly, a wise Muslim, when confronted with various options, may have choices of varying degrees of rationality, although some of these choices are considered more rational than other choices.
Title :عقلانیت طیفی اسلامی در مقابل نظریه انتخاب عقلایی اقتصاد متعارف
Abstract:
نظریهی «انتخاب عقلایی» با دو رویکرد عمدهی پی جویی «نفع شخصی» و «سازگاری درونی انتخاب ها»، یکی از پایه ای ترین فروض علم اقتصاد متعارف بوده و همواره از سوی اقتصاددانان متعارف و مسلمان اشکالاتی بر آن مطرح شده است. اقتصاددانان متعارف و اسلامی برای معرفی جایگزینی مناسب برای این نظریه، درصدد ارائهی تعریف جدیدی از «عقلانیت اقتصادی» برآمده اند. در این مقاله، با روش تحقیق «توصیفی- تحلیلی»، نظریهی «عقلانیت طیفی اسلامی» معرفی شده است. بنا به فرضیه مقاله، عقلانیت در رویکرد اسلامی، هم از لحاظ هنجاری و هم اثباتی، مفهومی طیفی دارد. بر اساس رویکرد عقلانیت طیفی اسلامی، انتخاب عقلایی از نگاه هنجاری، انتخابی است که دارای چهار مؤلفه: تبعیت از تکالیفِ اقتصادی الهی، منفعت گرایی فراگیر، محاسبه گری جامع، و جمع آوری اطلاعات در حد علم و یقین باشد. این نظریه از نگاه اثباتی نیز تشکیکی بودن عقلانیت افراد را مطرح می کند. بر این اساس، انسان مسلمان عاقل در صورت مواجهه با گزینه های مختلف، ممکن است انتخاب هایی با درجات متفاوت عقلانیت داشته باشد؛ هرچند که برخی از این انتخاب ها، عاقلانه تر از انتخاب های دیگر محسوب می شود.
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Parviz Dawoodi; Mohammad javad Tavakkoli; Mohammad Saeid Panahi Boroojerdi."Islamic Spectral Rationality versus Rational Choice Theory in Conventional Economics". Ma`rifat-e Eghtesad-e Islami, 9, 1, 2026, 67-84
Dawoodi, P, Tavakkoli, M, Panahi Boroojerdi, M.(2026) 'Islamic Spectral Rationality versus Rational Choice Theory in Conventional Economics', Ma`rifat-e Eghtesad-e Islami, 9(1), pp. 67-84
Dawoodi, P, Tavakkoli, M, Panahi Boroojerdi, M. Islamic Spectral Rationality versus Rational Choice Theory in Conventional Economics. Ma`rifat-e Eghtesad-e Islami, 2026; 9(1): 67-84