Ma`rifat Eqtesadi

Pricing is one of the important challenges of the Islamic state in facing the field of distribution, exchange and market. This issue has various dimensions, but some, by simplifying and ignoring its various religious and scientific dimensions, reject government intervention in pricing and price formation. In this research, using analytical methods and considering jurisprudential criteria and economic criteria, various pricing situations are examined and analyzed from the perspective of Islamic economics. According to the findings of the research, from the perspective of Islamic economics, the acceptance of “priceable and price-evasive matters”, “market and non-market” and “diversity of ownership” along with the necessity of “compensating for market parsimony”, “priority of market function over market process” and “compensating for labor market inefficiency” are considered among the foundations of the legitimacy of pricing by the government. From the perspective of Islamic economics, factors such as “type of goods”, “type of market” and “state of government activism” affect pricing. The type of goods includes whether the goods are private, public or sovereign, whether they are small or large, necessary, ordinary or luxurious, and whether they are mutual or trust-based; the type of market also affects the legitimacy of government intervention. For example, in situations such as hoarding and monopoly, the ground for government intervention is more prepared. In addition, the possibility or impossibility of Islamic government activism affects the legitimacy of government price intervention. Accordingly, if the government has sufficient knowledge, ability and motivation to intervene, price intervention will be justified.