Abstracts
Article data in English (انگلیسی)
The Indicator of Honouring the Customer in the Islamic-Iranian Pattern of Progress
Ni'matullah Panahi Broojerdi*
Abstract
During recent decades, different countries stated to formulate and measure a customer's satisfaction indicator as an important economic variable at a micro and a macro level. Proposed indicators of customer's satisfaction have been introduced in a context of classic economy, and a western pattern of development in which the aim of attending to the customers' satisfaction is making higher profit by tradesmen is shown. Since, in Islam the aim of winning the customer's satisfaction is to win God's good pleasure, the customer's satisfaction indicator has another identity. Using an analytical method, the present paper supports the idea of discussing the concept of honouring the customer according to Islamic doctrines in a broader sense than only the customer's satisfaction. According to the research findings the rate of honouring the customer can be determined through the proposed indicator of honouring the customer. This indicator takes into account some of the factors which influence the honouring of the customer such as the rate of observing legal regulations and being contented with the minimum profit, and its existential signs including the rate of the customers' loyalty and amount complaints.
Key Words: Customer's satisfaction, Honouring of the Costumer, Profits, Tradesman's performance, Customer's experience.
JEL: M, D4, D42, C43.
The Evaluation Indicators of Exchanges Facilitation in Islamic Market
Mohammad Jamal Khalilian Ashkezari*
Abstract
No doubt, the Islamic market has a central role in the progress and development of Islamic society. In this framework, the necessity to consider the features of this social institution and its evaluation indicators doubles. Along with the different features of the Islamic market, the facility of exchanges has a particular status. The present paper tries to investigate and specify the indicators of measuring facilitating exchanges in the Islamic market. The research is based on a library survey. The research findings show that the three basic criteria for the accomplishment of facilitating exchanges are acceleration of exchanges, decrease of costs, and decrease of the level of insecurity. Taking into account the emergence of these components, the rate of easy exchanges in the market can be measured by using quantitative indicators such as the indicator of customer's and seller's satisfaction, market transparency, appropriateness of the place of exchange, awareness of and commitment to exchange rules, awareness of and commitment to Islamic moral principles, awareness of and commitment to the rules and regulations of exchanges, awareness and commitment to technical and economic methods of exchanges, appropriate marketing, decrease of the gap between production and consumption, and the recently discovered mechanisms and exchanges.
Key Words: Exchanges Facilitation, Islamic Market, Indicator, Criterion.
JEL: D4, D42, G14, M.
The Methodology of Designing a Synthetic Indicator for Evaluating Innovation in the Context of an Islamic- Iranian Pattern of Progress
Seyyed Habibullah Tabatabaiyan*/ Reza Naqizadeh**/ Mohammad Naqizadeh***
Abstract
One of the most basic factors of any planning is the measurement of a country's progress within the framework of a reliable pattern. Such a pattern can be the basis for identifying the real status of the performance of those who play a major role in different fields of national development and can prepare the ground for the convergence of all scientific, technical, industrial, and economic activities. Using synthetic indicators is one of the means of policy-making in the areas related to innovation. These indicators provide comparability for different countries in the field of innovation. In the meantime, the way these indicators develop in the field of innovation and the study of the way of development of all models and their disadvantages are given special importance. Using an analytical method, the present paper investigates the proposed patterns of developing synthetic indicators. Hence some of the most important international models related to innovation have been reviewed. According to the research findings, designing synthetic indicators in the context of an Islamic-Iranian pattern of progress requires the formation of three groups: theorization, methodology and compilation.
Key Words: Synthetic Indicator, Innovation, Development, Islamic-Iranian Pattern of Progress.
JEL: O31, C43, O21, C8.
The Criteria and Indicators of Human Development according to Islam
Nasrullah Khalili*
Abstract
"Human development" is the most modern and perhaps most acceptable approach in the field of development. It developed after the appearance of the negative effects of absolute economic development. There have been many research projects, reports, and conferences on this approach in the world. Since 1990, the United Nations has issued a series of annual reports on "human development in different countries in the world" in which the real conditions concerning different human questions are stated. Since the proposed criteria and indicators are based on secular and liberal anthropology and include only the material aspect which has to do with man's instinct, they cannot, in the view of Islam, be taken as a guideline to materialize an Islamic developed society. This paper elaborates on the question: what are the appropriate criteria and indicators of human development in Islam? In response to this question deep faith, piety, good deed, and means (i.e. the material ability for living) are proposed as realistic criteria and indicators of human development. To do so, the contents of transmitted and religious resources are analyzed and the foundations, principles and aims of development in Islam and the Islamic concept of human development are reviewed.
Key Words: Human Development, Agreeable Life, Islamic Economy, Real Needs, Man's ability.
JEL: O1, O15, C43.
A Prelude to Designing a Usury Indicator for Islamic Banking
Mohammad Javad Mohaqqeq*
Abstract
Nowadays, evaluating the performance or performance management of financial enterprises and institutions has special significance. Innovation of new methods for evaluating the performance of financial and credit institutions supports this claim. Through the process of evaluating performance, we can obtain useful information on how to effectively run the affairs for the sake of achieving the established goals. The study of the models of evaluating performance and the inquiries carried out in this field shows that no serious efforts have been made to explore "the evaluation indicator of Islamic banking system operation". Therefore, the present paper, trying to answer this basic question through a descriptive method and content analysis, introduces the "usury indicator" as a first step towards providing a "comprehensive indicator of Islamic banking". The main idea proposed by this paper is that one of the ways of measuring the existence of usury in banking system is to notice the cases of usury devices in bank contracts. To this end, a table which shows the deviance rate of bank contracts which are usury-based has been suggested, and two ratios, i.e, "the ratio of the value of usury contracts" and " the ratio of usury interest" have been proposed in order to provide a new approach to formulate a usury indicator used in Islamic banking.
Key Words: Usury, Usury Devices, Islamic Banking, Indicator, Usury Indicator.
JEL: E5, E4, E43.
The Methodology of Designing a Human Progress Indicator on the Basis of Qur'anic Discourse
Mohammad Javad Tavakoli*
Abstract
The indexes and indictor of development have a central role in the evaluation and improvement of the progress of countries. From a methodological view, the formulation of a cohesive indicator of progress and development requires passing through four stages: conceptualization, criteria extraction, indexes designing and integrating them. The present paper, which uses an analytical method, considers that adapting the Qur'anic perspective of progress and development will bring about a fundamental change in the formulation of progress criteria and indicators. According to the Qur'anic discourse, development of human societies means exaltation of the members of these societies and thus leading an (agreeable life) on a (godly land). This transcendent concept of human development which is called "human progress" can be recognized by noticing the (divine revelation) in the pathological study of civilizations and within the framework of such components as "moral capability", "intellectual capability", "physical – mental capability", and "income capability" of the nations. The synthetic indicators of human progress measure the achievement of these four capabilities within the mentioned framework. Each of these potentials can be measured by observing the religious emphases on each of them.
Key Words: Development and Progress, Human Progress, Islamic – Iranian Style of Progress, Agreeable Life, Indicator of Progress, Qur'anic Discourse.
JEL: O1, O15, C43, C8.
A Prelude to the Concept and Indicators of Economic Justice
Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Rajaii*/ Seyyed Mahdi Mo'allemi**
Abstract
Expounding the concept and indicators of economic justice is one of the concerns of economists. Despite the studies carried out in this field, there have not been serious attempts to delve into the Islamic view of the indicators of economic justice. Using an analytical method, the present paper proposes that an Islamic formulation of such indicators necessitates distinguishing between four meanings of justice, i.e. equality, giving the rights to those who deserve them, balance and moderation and recognizing the difference between their domains. Economic justice is clearly evident in production, distribution, consumption, and public services and opportunities. The criterion of justice in distribution of opportunities is equality, and its criterion in functional distribution is an entitled share received mutual consent, and its indicator is market price. The criterion of justice in the distribution of income and wealth is balance. Every sound nature considers controlling %99 of the earth's capacities by %1 minority as injustice. Such injustice cannot be justified on the grounds that "this %1 minority has acquired the wealth by the sweet of their brows and paid zakat and khums on it". The criterion of justice in the observance of the rights of the poor is sufficiency-based entitlement and its indicator is living at sufficiency level. The criterion of justice in paying financial rights to relatives is commonly accepted entitlement and its indicator is moderation in its common sense.
Key Words: Justice, Economic Justice, Sharp Class Differences, Justice Indicator, Criteria of Justice.
JEL: D63, D6, O15, C43.
* MA in economy. Napb50@yahoo.com
Received: 2011/7/11 – Accepted: 2011/9/17
* Assistant Professor of Economics Department, IKI mg_khalil41@yahoo.com
Received: 2011/6/22 – Accepted: 2011/9/10
* Assistant Professor of Industrial Management Department, 'Allameh Tabatabaii University.
** PhD Student of science and technology policy making, Tarbiat Modarres University.
*** PhD Student of Technology Management, 'Allameh Tabatabaii University.
Received: 2011/6/10 – Accepted: 2011/8/25
* Faculty Member of Economics Department, Naraq Azad Islamic University.
Received: 2011/6/15 – Accepted: 2011/8/29
* Assistant Professor of Economics Department, 'Allameh Tabatabaii University.
Received: 2011/7/5 – Accepted: 2011/9/14
* Faculty Member of Economics Department, IKI tavakoli@qabas.net
Received: 2011/5/21 – Accepted: 2011/8/1
* Assistant Professor of Economics department, IKI. smk_rajaee@yahoo.co.uk
** PhD Student of the Qur'an and Economics, Al- Mustafa International University.
Received: 2011/6/21 – Accepted: 2011/9/9
Table of Contents
A Prelude to the Concept and Indicators of Economic Justice / Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Rajaii / Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Rajaii / Seyyed Mahdi Mo'allemi
The Methodology of Designing a Human Progress Indicator on the Basis of Qur'anic Discourse / Mohammad Javad Tavakoli
A Prelude to Designing a Usury Indicator for Islamic Banking / Mohammad Javad Mohaqqeq
The Criteria and Indicators of Human Development according to Islam / Nasrullah Khalili
The Methodology of Designing a Synthetic Indicator for Evaluating Innovation in the Context of an Islamic- Iranian Pattern of Progress / Seyyed Habibullah Tabatabaiyan / Reza Naqizadeh / Mohammad Naqizadeh
The Evaluation Indicators of Exchanges Facilitation in Islamic Market / Mohammad Jamal Khalilian Ashkezari
The Indicator of Honouring the Customer in the Islamic-Iranian Pattern of Progress / Ni'matullah Panahi Broojerdi
In the Name of Allah
Ma'rifat-i Eghtesadi Vol.2, No.2
An Academi Semianual Journal on Islamic Economics Fall & Winter 2010-11
Proprietor: Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute
Editior in Chief: Mohammad Javad Tavakoli
Editor: Hasan-Agha Nazari
Executive Manager: Ahmad Hedayati
Translation of Abstracts: Language Department of IKI.
Editorial Board:
ª Hasan-Agha Nazari: Associate Professor, A Member of Advisory Board of Economics Group, IKI
ª Hamid Abrishami: Professor, Tehran University
ª Parviz Davodi: Professor, Shahid Beheshti University& Manager of Economics Group, IKI
ª Masoud Derakhshan: Associate Professor, Alameh TabaTabaii University
ª Farhad Rahbar: Associate Professor, Tehran University
ª Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Rajaii: Assistant Professor, IKI
ª Gholam Reza Mesbahi Moghadam: Associate Professor, Imam Sadeq University
ª Hasan Sobhani: Associate Professor, Tehran University
ª Elyas Naderan: Associate Professor,Tehran University
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